What is Bias and fairness?
In AI, bias is a systematic error or skew that leads a system to treat people or groups differently in unjustified ways, while fairness is the goal of avoiding that. Bias can arise from data, design choices or the context of use, and fairness can be defined and measured in several competing ways.
Governance teams define which fairness measures matter for a use case, test for them before and after deployment and record the results and trade-offs. For example, a recruitment-screening tool might be tested for different selection rates across groups.